The slogan ‘correlation does not imply causation’ is meant to capture the fact that any joint probability distribution over two variables can be explained not only by a causal influence of one ...

Causal reasoning is ubiquitous - from physics to medicine, economics and social sciences, as well as in everyday life. Whenever we press the button, the bell rings, and we think that the pressing of ...

The architecture of FOCUS. Given offline data, FOCUS learns a $p$ value matrix by KCI test and then gets the causal structure by choosing a $p$ threshold. After ...

The ball rolls across the floor because it was kicked, just as Earth orbits the sun because it is tugged by gravity. The connection between cause and effect is fundamental to how we understand the ...

More often than not, recently popular structuralist interpretations of physical theories leave the central concept of a structure insufficiently precisified. The incipient causal sets approach to ...