A symbiotic relationship is a long-term interaction between animal species that is beneficial for one or both animals. There are different forms: It’s mutualism we’ll mostly look at today. Two types ...

Reakirt's blue butterflies were moving among the flower heads of white clover in my lawn. I presumed that they were nectaring, but I watched closely and discovered that they were ovipositing. They ...

Most previous analyses of the stability properties of models of mutualism have emphasized the destabilizing effects of mutualism. However, these analyses can be shown to be based upon inappropriate ...

For half a century, scientists who have developed models of how ecological communities function have arrived at an unsettling conclusion. Their models' predictions--seen as classic tenets of community ...

Biologists have challenged old notions that communities with mutualistic interactions -- where the presence of one species benefits another -- are unstable. Their model, instead, shows that such ...