The concept of "excited delirium" (also referred to as "excited delirium syndrome" (ExDs)) has been invoked in a number of cases to explain or justify injury or death to individuals in police …

Oct 9, 2017 · We aimed to clarify the definition, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of excited delirium syndrome (ExDS) and to summarize evidence-based treatment recommendations. …

If a suspected ExDS patient resists the delivery of care, ALS resources, EMS supervisors (where available), and law enforcement shall be requested to facilitate the treatment and transport of …

In this paper, the authors describe a review of published cases of ExDS and its purported synonym agitated delirium syndrome (AgDS), to analyze the differences in demographics, use …

Nov 3, 2023 · The term was often shortened to “EXD” (for “excited delirium”) or “ExDs” (for “excited delirium syndrome”).

Jul 8, 2014 · ExDS subjects typically are males around the age of 30, and most have a history of psychostimulant use or mental illness (see table 1). Law enforcement agents or EMS …

In this paper, the Task Force provides a review of the history and epidemiology of ExDS, clinical perspectives, and a discussion of its potential pathophysiology, diagnostic characteristics, …

ExDS patients will generally require transfer to an emergency department (ED) for further management, evaluation, and definitive care. In this paper, we present a typical ExDS case …

Jun 17, 2025 · ExDS-related death frequently occur during or immediately after a physical effort, typically a scuffle with law enforcement workers. Its incidence is underestimated, and the …

Apr 1, 2012 · ExDS patients will generally require transfer to an emergency department (ED) for further management, evaluation and definitive care. In this article, we present a typical ExDS …